What Is the Meaning of Ergonomic?

Identification

Ergonomics specializes in the study of workspace design and its effects on the worker. The ultimate goal is to provide an atmosphere in which optimal work performance is possible, according to UCLA Ergonomics. This involves understanding the physical and behavioral needs of the user within the confines of a workspace. Ergonomics draws from a wide range of disciplines such as psychology, medicine, computer science and industrial design in order to produce equipment (chairs, desks, platforms) and workspaces that are spatially compatible to the needs of the user.

Proper workspace design can help reduce the fatigue, stress and discomfort that so often accompany long hours at a desk or in a workstation, according to UCLA Ergonomics. In effect, ergonomics works to improve the user's ability to function effectively within his workspace. This helps reduce the likelihood of human error and creates a more enjoyable work experience.

Those who design ergonomic equipment analyze the physical dynamics involved in user comfort and performance and how it relates to workspace design, according to the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society. This is called the interface analysis, and it considers a wide range of physical characteristics or sizes within the equipment design process. Also under consideration are the various joints, muscles and postures of the human body and their corresponding ranges of motion when moving inside the workspace area. Ultimately, this data provides a baseline that identifies the physical limitations of the body when carrying out repetitive or confined activities.

After long periods of work within a workspace--be it computer work, assembly line or other manual tasks--individuals can become mentally fatigued and bored. These conditions can increase the likelihood of error and contribute to feelings of dissatisfaction with the job, according to the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society. Ergonomic methods work to measure these cognitive (mental) or perceptual variables and understand how workspace arrangements may contribute to worker productivity and comfort. Equipment designs are then based on enhancing the aspects that contribute to improved work performance.

The overall purpose for making ergonomic adjustments within a workspace is to promote safety, health and ease of use, according to Medline Plus. The types of adjustments needed depend on the type of work involved and the equipment used. For individuals who work at a computer, keyboard positioning, chair level and desk height adjustments can all affect user comfort, focus and concentration, according to the American Occupational Therapy Association. Proper lifting techniques within roles where repeated lifting is required can reduce the rate of fatigue and risk of injury. A cushioned platform or mat can also help reduce user fatigue in roles that require standing in one place for long periods of time.