- 1). Write out the density of the solid or liquid in question, being sure to note the units. For example, 5 grams per milliliter.
- 2). Divide the density from the previous step by the density of water in the same units. The density of water in various units is approximately the following: 1 gram per milliliter, 1,000 kilograms per liter, 62.4 pounds per cubic foot and 8.3 pounds per gallon. For example, divide 5 grams per milliliter by 1 gram per milliliter.
- 3). Recognize that the previous step's result is the material's specific gravity. The example material's specific gravity is therefore 5.
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