Radiation exposure

• Potassium iodide can be administered as a protection against absorption by the thyroid of radio-active isotopes of iodine that may be produced in the event of a nuclear event. When given in correct doses within three to four hours of exposure, it stops the thyroid from absorbing the radioactive iodine. The correct dosage depends on the amount of exposure and should be given daily until there is no more risk of exposure. Potassium iodide does not protect against any other radiation effects. According to FDA guidelines for exposures greater than 10 centigray (cGy) the recommended daily dose of potassium iodide for adults 18 to 40 years is 130 milligrams. It should be taken only under instruction of local health authorities. It can cause problems with the development of a fetus so should not be taken by pregnant women unless the benefits outweigh the risks.
  
  

Iodized salt

• Iodized salt is used in most developed countries to reduce the occurrence of physical growth and development problems, and goiter associated with lack of iodine in the diet. Potassium iodide can be added to table salt and flour as a way to provide a reliable source of iodine.
  
  

Expectorant

• Potassium iodide stimulates the salivary glands and can be used to treat coughs and as an expectorant. It helps loosen and break up mucus produced in the respiratory tract by chronic respiratory problems, such as asthma, bronchitis or emphysema.
  
  

Antifungal

• Cutaneous Sporotrichosis is a fungus that can cause lesions on the skin. A saturated solution of potassium iodide (SSKI) can be used to treat the lesion. It is ineffective against internal, systemic infections of sporotrichosis. The saturated solution of potassium iodide is usually administered for approximately four to six weeks up to six months. There is potential for elevated serum potassium levels, which can cause problems with heart function. It should not be taken in conjunction with other medicines that may cause an increase in potassium or by people with compromised kidney function. Use of the saturated solution for more than one month can also cause problems with the thyroid's hormone production. Extended use of SSKI requires that thyroid function be monitored.
  
  

Thyroid function

• Iodine and tyrosine are used by the thyroid to form triiodothyronine and thyroxine. Potassium iodide is used as a supplement to provide the thyroid with the necessary iodine to function normally. It is used to help with hypothyroidism by counteracting dietary iodine deficiencies. Potassium iodide may also be administered before thyroid surgery to help prepare the gland for the surgery.