Dietary Management of Infantile Colic: A Systematic Review
In June–July, 2010, six databases (OvidMedline, CINAHL plus, AMED, Scopus, NUTRITIONnetBASE, Cochrane library) were searched from 1960 using terms relating to the question: Can dietary interventions be an effective form of therapy in reducing the symptoms of infantile colic? Unpublished studies and grey literature were not retrieved. Search terms (Table 1) were grouped into five categories: infantile colic, dietary interventions, breast milk, formula, and infant. Synonyms and alternative words were sought from current literature and a thesaurus. If a known study was not retrieved, search terms were expanded and relevant synonyms added.
Retrieved citations were compiled in EndNote (version X3). Titles/abstracts were assessed to determine if the full article was relevant. Inclusion and exclusion criteria are listed in Table 2. Studies were coded with the reason for exclusion. Complete publications for all remaining studies were obtained, read thoroughly, and re-evaluated. If retained, the data was extracted and tabulated as summarized in Table 3. If a study also examined a non-dietary intervention, only the dietary intervention was included in this review. The level of evidence of each included study was determined using nationally-based guidelines, while quality was evaluated as negative, neutral, or positive using a checklist.
After data extraction, the studies were categorised according to intervention under the following headings: changes to the maternal diet; use of hydrolysed milk proteins, soy-based, or fibre-enriched formulae; and change to carbohydrate. Studies of positive quality and higher evidence studies were given greater importance. The NHMRC body of evidence matrix guided development of summary statements.
Methods
Search Methods
In June–July, 2010, six databases (OvidMedline, CINAHL plus, AMED, Scopus, NUTRITIONnetBASE, Cochrane library) were searched from 1960 using terms relating to the question: Can dietary interventions be an effective form of therapy in reducing the symptoms of infantile colic? Unpublished studies and grey literature were not retrieved. Search terms (Table 1) were grouped into five categories: infantile colic, dietary interventions, breast milk, formula, and infant. Synonyms and alternative words were sought from current literature and a thesaurus. If a known study was not retrieved, search terms were expanded and relevant synonyms added.
Study Retrieval and Analysis
Retrieved citations were compiled in EndNote (version X3). Titles/abstracts were assessed to determine if the full article was relevant. Inclusion and exclusion criteria are listed in Table 2. Studies were coded with the reason for exclusion. Complete publications for all remaining studies were obtained, read thoroughly, and re-evaluated. If retained, the data was extracted and tabulated as summarized in Table 3. If a study also examined a non-dietary intervention, only the dietary intervention was included in this review. The level of evidence of each included study was determined using nationally-based guidelines, while quality was evaluated as negative, neutral, or positive using a checklist.
After data extraction, the studies were categorised according to intervention under the following headings: changes to the maternal diet; use of hydrolysed milk proteins, soy-based, or fibre-enriched formulae; and change to carbohydrate. Studies of positive quality and higher evidence studies were given greater importance. The NHMRC body of evidence matrix guided development of summary statements.
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