Northern Hairy-nosed Wombat

• Sixty-five Northern Hairy-nosed Wombats lived in Australia in October 2009, making them the most endangered marsupial species on the continent. Earth's Endangered Creatures says the large (up to 88 lbs.) burrowing animal is among the world's most endangered.
  
  

Bridled Nail-tailed Wallaby

• Scientist rediscovered this large wallaby species in Queensland in 1973. They bred it in captivity and released it in protected areas, with much optimism for its future.
  
  

Eastern Quoll

• The last confirmed mainland sighting of this carnivorous marsupial was in suburban Sydney in 1960. About the size of a small domestic cat, the Eastern Quoll is still relatively common in Tasmania.
  
  

Tasmanian Tiger

• Unconfirmed sightings every year keep hopes alive that this native of Tasmania is not extinct. The last known tiger died in a Tasmanian zoo in 1936, so hopes are fading. It resembles a striped coyote and, like most Australian animals, is a marsupial.
  
  

Leadbetter's Possum

• This possum's hollow-tree habitat is under threat from wildfires. Scientists thought it was extinct after large fires in 1939, but a small number resurfaced in 1961.